It was on this day (24 June) in 1284 when the first reference was made to the construction of Caernarfon Castle following the defeat of the Welsh and the Conquest of Wales by Edward Longshanks.

What is Caernarfon Castle?

Caernarfon Castle is often used for the investiture of the Prince of Wales. Caernarfon Castle, a formidable fortress situated in the town of Caernarfon in Gwynedd, Gogledd Cymru, stands as a reminder of the Welsh Wars and its fallout.

The year was 1283 when construction on Caernarfon Castle began, following the Edwardian conquest of Cymru. The imposing structure was strategically positioned on the banks of Afon Seiont, overlooking the Menai Strait. Edward I aimed to solidify his authority in the region, and the castle served both military and political purposes. Its design incorporated elements of military engineering, featuring polygonal towers, thick stone walls, and a water-filled moat for enhanced defense.

What Did (or Does) it Symbolise?

The castle’s architecture was not only a testament to military might but also a deliberate demonstration of Edwardian dominance. The use of concentric walls and the inclusion of Romanesque and Gothic elements conveyed a message of authority and control, showcasing the strength of the English crown.

Additionally, the incorporation of the Prince of Wales’ Tower within the castle complex underscored the subjugation of the Welsh people, as the title was historically associated with the heir to the English throne.

The investiture of the Prince of Wales at Caernarfon Castle became a significant tradition, further emphasising the English monarchy’s grip on Welsh affairs. Notably, in 1969, Prince Charles received his investiture at the castle, perpetuating a ceremony laden with historical symbolism. Anti-investiture protests took place at the time.

Despite its imposing presence and historical significance, Caernarfon Castle has evolved over the centuries. While it once served as a symbol of Edward’s dominance and oppression, today it stands as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognised for its architectural significance and the role it played in shaping the history of Cymru. To many, however, it remains as a symbol of royal oppression.

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Niklas George

Niklas is the founder, owner, manager, editor, writer, video creator, voice over artist, and so forth, of Welsh Histories. He is passionate about the preservation of Welsh culture; the rejuvenation of the Welsh language and the promotion of Welsh history. Niklas currently resides in Pune, Maharashtra, with his beloved wife.